This is an example of a gerund as subject.

This is an example of gerunds as objects.

Here the present participle is being used to create the present continuous tense.

This is an example of a possessive gerund. 'Your' is a possessive modifier of the gerund 'helping'.

Here the present participle is being used to create the past continuous tense.

The present participle is being used to create the present perfect continuous tense.

This is an example of a gerund as subject. This is a gerund phrase: 'talking during class'.

This is a present participle acting as an adjective.

It could be easy to mistake this as a present participle acting as an adjective as 'running' could be describing the shoes. But it's saying they are 'shoes for running'. If we say 'crying baby', this is an adjective as the baby is in the act of crying. But shoes are not in the act of 'running'.

This is a present participle phrase acing as an adjective. The phrase 'Quickly combing her long blond hair' is describing Louise.

These are present participles acting as adjectives describing the experience.

This is a gerund as object of a preposition.

This is an appositive gerund. An appositive renames a noun in the same sentence or gives more information about a noun (in this case the noun 'pastime').

This is a present participle phrase acting as an adjective. The phrase 'Watching the sun set in the distance' is describing John.

This isn't the present continuous as it's not an activity in progress now. It's gerund as subject complement. In this case, the gerund 'traveling' is the complement to the subject 'His passion in life...'.