The student is the recipient of the direct object (the pen), and so is the indirect object of the sentence.

This answers the question 'gave what'? - The opportunity. So it's the direct object.

'Seems' is an intransitive verb so it cannot have an object. 'Annoyed' is an adjective, not a noun or a noun phrase to which the subject (John) performs an action.

Ian built what? A house - so this is the direct object. The recipient of the house is Anne (the indirect object).

Though there is a noun (halls of residence), 'arrived' is an intransitive verb. 'At the halls of residence' is a prepositional phrase, not an object.

The recipient of the bike is his brother.

"The children" is the indirect object. They are the recipients of the direct object, "a story."

'Return' can be transitive or intransitive, but in this case it is intransitive. It's also followed by two prepositional phrases (to university' and 'after the summer break'). So there are no direct or indirect objects.

There is only one noun (car) so there can't be an indirect object (remember if a sentence has an indirect object, it must also have a direct object). The direct object (car) is the receiver of the action and it answers the question "I drove what?".

His dad offered what? A watch. Who received it? Him.